TY - JOUR

T1 - Разработка метода и программного обеспечения для моделирования состояний азарта и риска у грызунов при внутримозговой самостимуляции

AU - Балаганский, Иван Андреевич

AU - Лебедев, Андрей Андреевич

AU - Пюрвеев, Сарнг Саналович

AU - Ляксо, Елена Евгеньевна

AU - Радеева, Анна Вячеславовна

AU - Бычков, Евгений Рудольфович

AU - Шабанов, Петр Дмитриевич

PY - 2025/10/16

Y1 - 2025/10/16

N2 - Background: Intracranial self-stimulation is widely used to study reward and addiction mechanisms in laboratory animals. Aim: The work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a newly developed and tested hard- and software system for intracranial self-stimulation experiments in rats, providing flexible stimulation modes that simulate gambling and risk-associated conditions observed in humans. Methods: A custom C# (.NET) real-time application was created to control a microcontroller-based stimulator via a USB interface. Male Wistar rats were implanted with electrodes in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) at the following coordinates: AP = –5.0 mm (from bregma); L = –0.9 mm; H = –8.4 mm from the skull surface. The animals were trained to perform self-stimulation in a two-lever Skinner box using a fixed-ratio (FR1-3) schedule at threshold current intensity. After training, one lever was switched to a variable-ratio (VR3-6) schedule with a 15% increase in current intensity. The behavior was assessed once the self-stimulation response had stabilized. Results: The newly developed software provided stable long-term generation of bipolar pulses (1–1000 µA, 100 Hz) with precise time stamping. Depending on stimulation parameters, the animals preferred either the variable-ratio (VR3-6) or fixed-ratio (FR1-3) schedule. A decrease in the probability of reinforcement in the variable-ratio (VR) schedule led to a shift in preference toward the fixed-ratio (FR) lever. A 7-day course of intraperitoneal paroxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, at a dose of 1 mg/kg/day resulted in a shift in the lever-press ratio toward preference for the fixed-ratio (FR1-3) schedule in a single-trial experiment. Conclusion: The developed system allows for effective assessment of rodent states resembling human gambling and risk-taking during the formation of addictive behavior. A course of paroxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, led to a decrease in the frequency of risk-related choices, resembling gambling and risk-taking behavior in humans.

AB - Background: Intracranial self-stimulation is widely used to study reward and addiction mechanisms in laboratory animals. Aim: The work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a newly developed and tested hard- and software system for intracranial self-stimulation experiments in rats, providing flexible stimulation modes that simulate gambling and risk-associated conditions observed in humans. Methods: A custom C# (.NET) real-time application was created to control a microcontroller-based stimulator via a USB interface. Male Wistar rats were implanted with electrodes in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) at the following coordinates: AP = –5.0 mm (from bregma); L = –0.9 mm; H = –8.4 mm from the skull surface. The animals were trained to perform self-stimulation in a two-lever Skinner box using a fixed-ratio (FR1-3) schedule at threshold current intensity. After training, one lever was switched to a variable-ratio (VR3-6) schedule with a 15% increase in current intensity. The behavior was assessed once the self-stimulation response had stabilized. Results: The newly developed software provided stable long-term generation of bipolar pulses (1–1000 µA, 100 Hz) with precise time stamping. Depending on stimulation parameters, the animals preferred either the variable-ratio (VR3-6) or fixed-ratio (FR1-3) schedule. A decrease in the probability of reinforcement in the variable-ratio (VR) schedule led to a shift in preference toward the fixed-ratio (FR) lever. A 7-day course of intraperitoneal paroxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, at a dose of 1 mg/kg/day resulted in a shift in the lever-press ratio toward preference for the fixed-ratio (FR1-3) schedule in a single-trial experiment. Conclusion: The developed system allows for effective assessment of rodent states resembling human gambling and risk-taking during the formation of addictive behavior. A course of paroxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, led to a decrease in the frequency of risk-related choices, resembling gambling and risk-taking behavior in humans.

KW - двухпедальная самостимуляция

KW - фиксированный режим

KW - режим переменного соотношения

KW - программное обеспечение

KW - пароксетин

UR - https://journals.eco-vector.com/RCF/article/view/685840

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/665ff986-2c2d-3197-bdba-05cbf1f0b0e6/

U2 - 10.17816/rcf685840

DO - 10.17816/rcf685840

M3 - статья

VL - 23

SP - 303

EP - 312

JO - Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy

JF - Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy

SN - 1683-4100

IS - 3

ER -