TY - JOUR

T1 - Субъективный метод и оценка в науке (по материалам рукописи Н.И. Кареева «Общая методология гуманитарных наук»)

AU - Долгова, Е.А.

AU - Малинов, Алексей Валерьевич

AU - Слискова, В.В.

N1 - Funding Information: This article has been prepared with financial support of the Russian Foundation for the Basic Research (RFBF), science project No. 19-09-00109/1, “Methodological studies by Nikolay I. Ka-reev: research, publication, comments”. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Russian Academy of Sciences. All Rights Reserved.

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - The purpose of the article is to introduce "General methodology of the Humanities" (1922), one of the latest monographs by the historian, sociologist and methodologist of science Nikolay Kareev (1850-1931). The book, which the scholar did not publish during his lifetime, was introduced into scientific circulation only partially and needs further updating in terms of its significance for the history of Russian sociology. It systematizes the methodological ideas of N.I. Kareev, establishes a connection between his works with such European trends as positivism and neo-Kantianism as well as with "Russian subjec-tive sociological school". The proposed fragment of the seventh chapter ("Normative and applied knowledge in the humanities") focuses on the problem of the subjective method and assessment in science. It is concluded that the subjectivism of the Russian sociological school was of a special nature: it was associated not only with the ethical attitude towards the individual and society, but also with the recognition of the internal, mental, subjective side of social life itself. The combination of practical and psychological, imperative convictions and inner experiences resulted in a theoretical synthesis of which the embodiment was the "Russian sociological school". The "Russian subjective school" remained a positivist project for which it was possible to study society scientifically, a project that studied phenomena and not essences, a project that built on facts and not on metaphysical fabrications. In the study of social phenomena, the School introduced the principle of personality, thereby rejecting Compte's reductionism, which drew analogies between social and physical processes. It is hypothesized that the criticism of Marxism from the standpoint of the subjectivism of the Russian sociological school could serve as an additional argument for the prohibition of the book in the 1920s. The manuscript was found in the Research Department of Manuscripts of the Russian State Library in the personal collection of N.I. Kareev and is being restored based on drafts. The publication is accompanied by an introductory article revealing the main provisions in Kareev's work.

AB - The purpose of the article is to introduce "General methodology of the Humanities" (1922), one of the latest monographs by the historian, sociologist and methodologist of science Nikolay Kareev (1850-1931). The book, which the scholar did not publish during his lifetime, was introduced into scientific circulation only partially and needs further updating in terms of its significance for the history of Russian sociology. It systematizes the methodological ideas of N.I. Kareev, establishes a connection between his works with such European trends as positivism and neo-Kantianism as well as with "Russian subjec-tive sociological school". The proposed fragment of the seventh chapter ("Normative and applied knowledge in the humanities") focuses on the problem of the subjective method and assessment in science. It is concluded that the subjectivism of the Russian sociological school was of a special nature: it was associated not only with the ethical attitude towards the individual and society, but also with the recognition of the internal, mental, subjective side of social life itself. The combination of practical and psychological, imperative convictions and inner experiences resulted in a theoretical synthesis of which the embodiment was the "Russian sociological school". The "Russian subjective school" remained a positivist project for which it was possible to study society scientifically, a project that studied phenomena and not essences, a project that built on facts and not on metaphysical fabrications. In the study of social phenomena, the School introduced the principle of personality, thereby rejecting Compte's reductionism, which drew analogies between social and physical processes. It is hypothesized that the criticism of Marxism from the standpoint of the subjectivism of the Russian sociological school could serve as an additional argument for the prohibition of the book in the 1920s. The manuscript was found in the Research Department of Manuscripts of the Russian State Library in the personal collection of N.I. Kareev and is being restored based on drafts. The publication is accompanied by an introductory article revealing the main provisions in Kareev's work.

KW - assessment

KW - humanities

KW - methodology

KW - Nikolay I. Kareev

KW - personality

KW - scientific knowledge

KW - subjectivism

KW - Nikolay I. Kareev

KW - assessment

KW - humanities

KW - methodology

KW - personality

KW - scientific knowledge

KW - subjectivism

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85129335915&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/7d8e9764-670b-3d58-8cb6-ea368e1493ff/

U2 - 10.21146/2072-0726-2022-15-1-176-190

DO - 10.21146/2072-0726-2022-15-1-176-190

M3 - статья

AN - SCOPUS:85129335915

VL - 15

SP - 176

EP - 190

JO - Filosofskii Zhurnal

JF - Filosofskii Zhurnal

SN - 2072-0726

IS - 1

ER -