Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are included in both domestic and a number of international guidelines for novel coronavirus infection treatment. In order to assess the safety of the use of this class of drugs for preventive pathogenetic therapy of COVID-19, a systematic review with a metaanalysis of the results was carried out. Material and methods. Using queries in international and Russian databases, we searched for controlled trials of baricitinib and tofacitinib recommended for use in Russia as a preventive therapy for COVID-19 mild and moderate clinical cases. Result. Data were obtained from three randomized clinical trials. A meta-analysis of their results regarding the total number of serious adverse events and adverse events belonging to the class «Infections and invasions» showed statistically significant data on the greater safety of baricitinib and tofacitinib in relation to the risks of these events compared with standard therapy. The risk ratio for serious adverse events in the control groups was 0,82 (95% CI: 0,69-0,96; p=0,02), the risk ratio for «Infections and invasions» was 0,78 (95% CI: 0,63-0,97, p=0,03); in both cases the result was in favor of the use of JAK inhibitors. Conclusion. Performing of various design studies in a wider patient population will allow to make more accurate assessment of the risks of developing secondary bacterial infections against the background of short-term use of JAK inhibitors as part of the preventive pathogenetic therapy for COVID-19.