The article characterizes the conflict potential in relationships between administration of specially protected natural territories and the small-numbered population of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (by the example of national park “Beringia”). It also discusses the ways of harmonizing these relationships. The conclusions presented in the article are based on the results of sociological study conducted with the support of the World Wide Fund for Nature of Russia in June-July 2018 in Providensky district of Chukotka Autonomous region. The study was aimed, on the one hand, at finding ways of productive interaction between various interested groups connected with the organization of national parks in the RF Arctic zone, on the other hand, at developing scenarios for harmonization of relations between “Beringia” and the local population. The object of the study was representatives of various groups of local population, as well as employees of the protected territories and local authorities.