The necessary attribute of the state is its people. It's social and economic essence is reflected in the term the population. In turn, it's primary characteristic is the reproduction. The process of depopulation or insufficient reproduction leads to decrease in geopolitical statehood, reduction of economic and defensive potential, weakening of political influence in the world. Students of the highest and average educational institutions of St. Petersburg participated in research (N=206). The purpose of work consisted in studying of the relation of student's youth to population policy in modern Russia, to the state as to her subject and the attitudes towards children as to traditional and existential values and the result of reproduction of the population. The author's multiple-factor questionnaires and the technique of ranging of associations with the concept "children" used. Results of the research showed, in general, the favorable, but the different relation to population policy and the state as to her subject. Students consider that measures for stimulation of birth rate by the state are insufficient. At the same time, the idea of a people safe as the national idea in our country got at them serious support. The attitude towards family and children was somewhat traditional than relying on postmodern values. According to work, the significant role in plans of ultimate self-realization of as parents at students played by a material factor.