It is proved that in nonclassical philosophy in addition to criticism of Church doctrine there is a desire to restore the true meaning of Christianity which was lost in history. Most clearly this tendency is present in the works of Dostoyevsky who comes to the idea of "thisworldly" religion in which Christ is understood as a perfect man and God as the internal principle of the human person, determining the motion of the individual to perfection. Similar religious beliefs can be found in the philosophy of Nietzsche; his idea of eternal return should be interpreted as the idea of "thisworldly" human immortality.