The article is devoted to the role of the Non-Aligned Movement in the era of the cold war in international relations as an association expressing the positions of developing countries. The article speaks of the birth of the Non-aligned Movement, the role and place of the Movement in World politics, the struggle of the non-aligned countries for the democratization of the World order in the 1960s- 1980s. The article considers the reaction of the Non-Aligned Movement to the largest conflicts in 1960s - 1980s, in particular, the attitude of the Movement towards the Middle East conflict, the Palestinian problem, the struggle against apartheid, the war in Vietnam. The author shows the anti-colonial strategy of the Non-Aligned Movement.