The article is devoted to the analysis of the features of current migration processes in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF). Today the AZRF is faced with a complex of new challenges and threats related to human security, including, on one hand, an intensive outflow of the population to more developed Russia's regions, and on the other hand, a heavy flow of labor migrants from central and southern regions of Russia, as well as post-Soviet republics. These contradictory trends in the field of migration have a direct impact on the socio-economic development of the Russia's Arctic. The author analyzes the main strategic documents that determine Russia's Arctic policy («Basic Principles of Russian Federation State Policy in the Arctic to 2035» and «On the Strategy for Developing the Russian Arctic Zone and Ensuring National Security until 2035») and considers the experience of neutralizing threats in the field of migration of some regions of the Russia's Arctic.