The subject of the study is the monetary policy of the Grand Duchy of Finland, which is fixed both in the activities of the Senate of the Grand Duchy of Finland and in its legislation adopted by the Saeima of this autonomous state entity. The method of research is a retrospective analysis of the formation and initial stage of the functioning of a separate Finnish currency, as well as legal acts that formed the normative basis of its (currency) development, was chosen. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that a retrospective analysis of monetary policy made it possible to identify two opposite components of its development: the first was a national one, which sought to create a separate Finnish currency (silver coins in 1 and 2 stamps, 25, 50, 75 pennies and gold coins in denomination in 10 and 20 marks) and its quotes depending on the value of the precious metal (gold); the second is all-imperial. This component was associated with the forced use in the Grand Duchy of Finland’s Russian silver coins (ruble, fifty kopecks, quarters) and with a stable exchange rate between Finnish and Russian silver and gold coins (at 5, 10 and 15 rubles). The domination of the first component was to help create proto-federal relations between Finland (with extensive state autonomy) and Russia. Domination of the second component was to preserve the internal economic unity of the Russian Empire.