The article presents the results of synchronous lidar measurements in the village of Voeykovo, Leningrad Region, and the city of Saint Petersburg conducted to assess the variability of aerosol content within the city and beyond. The measurements were carried out by mobile and stationary lidar complexes of the “Observatory of Environmental Safety” Resource Center of the Science Park of Saint Petersburg State University. The measurements were taken once in the summer and autumn seasons of 2023 during daytime and captured the moment the weather balloon was launched, which made it possible to control the wind direction using two methods: lidar technology and a radiosonde. A significant excess in the content of aerosol particles in Saint Petersburg compared to Voeykovo is observed in the summer season when the content of particles in the air column is almost 2.5 times higher over Saint Petersburg. In autumn, the differences are insignificant, which is due to the direction of movement of air masses and their speed. Analysis of the data obtained - aerosol concentrations and wind directions - allows us to conclude that the main contribution to atmospheric pollution by aerosol particles is due to sources located in Saint Petersburg and near the city.