: The study focuses on the export of two late – Soviet – plays by Maxim Gorky to the American stage: Yegor Bulychov and Others and Dostigaev and Others, which were sanctioned by the International Union of Revolutionary Theaters (MORT) affiliated with the Communist International (Comintern). The author reconstructs the process of exporting Gorky’s works to be staged at one of the leading radical non-profit theaters in New York – ARTEF Theatre – on the basis of previously unknown materials from the collections of the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts as well as documents from the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History (RGASPI, Moscow) and the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art (RGALI, Moscow). Within the framework of the political and cultural Soviet-American macro-context of the interwar period, an analysis of the reception of these productions, both radical left-wing and right-wing criticism, is provided. The work is aimed at expanding the understanding the stage fate of Maxim Gorky’s plays in the United States and also to clarify the picture of cultural relations between the two countries in the twentieth century.