At the crossroads of the 20th–21st centuries, the issues of the international industrial fragmentation have received new impulses for development. External shocks such as global crises, the COVID-19 pandemic and sanctions have changed the architecture of business structures. The modern transformation of global value chains (GVCs) in response to economic and geopolitical challenges needs to be understood and evaluated. Methodological approaches based on the decomposition of world production activity are used to determine the significance of key countries and regions. The objects of the research became the countries that are the leaders in the global ranking of the trade in value-added for 2020. The subject is macroeconomic indicators that evaluate the international fragmentation of business under the growing technological shifts, and basic changes in the world trade. The primary goal of this study is to identify to what extent trade in value-added (TiVA) makes it possible to determine the country’s position in the international division of labor. In the course of the study, it was revealed that the volume of trade in value-added has a significant impact on national GDP, the country’s foreign trade indicators and investing stocks. As for the indicators characterizing net exports, net outbound investments, as well as employment, there is no single answer. The countries demonstrated multidirectional dynamics and even the absence of any impact. It has been found that the significant part of the goods produced within the GVCs is consumed in the country where enterprises are located, and commodities operated under international cooperation agreements are traded between partners.