Due to the diagnostic difficulties and the lack of clinical recommendations for treatment, assistance in acute endogenous psychoses (atypical, cycloid psychoses) is a hard task in psychiatric practice. The abundance of different therapeutic approaches has not yet been systematically investigated. The data obtained suggest that benzodiazepine monotherapy is the most effective and safe method, while other pharmacological combinations have significant drawbacks and can provoke deterioration of the mental state and the resumption of psychosis. Risk factors for the recurrence of psychosis include the use of antipsychotics in high doses, the combination of several antipsychotics and the addition of cholinolytic drugs to therapy.