The article discusses the general characteristics of the institution of termination of a criminal case in connection with the imposition of a judicial fine, and also reveals the problems associated with the application of this institution in practice in terms of its conditions and competition with other grounds for terminating a criminal case. The subject of this article is the norms of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation with the aim of identifying the distinguishing features of this ground for the termination of a criminal case from other grounds. The findings of the study indicate that the institute is still at the stage of formation and development, since there are many unresolved issues regarding the size of the fine, legal costs, there is no mechanism for direct appeal to the court with a petition for the appointment of this measure and others.