The political heritage of medieval Novgorod is an actual area of scientific research studies, which demonstrate that the scholars use various approaches for understanding the basics of this phenomenon. In this connection, the cognitive possibilities of studying the heritage of ancient Novgorod are discussed in the context of the correlation of everyday life artifacts with symbolic practices of political memory social construction in the Russian polity. The article discusses a significance of anthropological concepts in the analysis of political everyday life of medieval Novgorod in both applied and theoretical studies of modern political communications. The disintegration of modern political orders in national communities, the variability of political ideologies, and management structures highlighted a necessity to properly theorize anthropological dimensions of political everyday life. The author emphasizes the importance of describing and theoretical analysis of the role of political myths and symbols that are present in the structures of everyday life of political memory. Using an anthropologically-oriented analysis as a theoretical basis, the author proposes a new theoretical approach to the study of political everyday life.