The priority task of the insurance market development is to ensure the financial stability and solvency of its main participants - insurance companies. Capital for them are an additional source of fulfillment of insurance liabilities and become one of the guarantors of the insurer reliability. In this regard, and as part of the introduction of a risk-based approach to the regulation of insurance activities, the Bank of Russia introduces new conditions for ensuring financial stability in terms of establishing more stringent requirements for assessing the own funds (capital) of insurance companies. They consist in more stringent requirements for the assessment of own funds of insurance companies. The article discusses the main such changes. This is the determination of the size of the capital of insurers and the assessment of the impact of financial risk on it, the investment of own funds, the calculation of the standard ratio of assets and liabilities. The authors reveal the economic meaning of such innovations.