The potential of Russia's economic development is largely related to the development of the country's mineral resource base in which the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation occupies a key place. Today, Russia actively uses the Arctic resource potential, providing only natural gas production of more than 80% and oil of 18%, including gas condensate. Up to 15% of the country's GDP is generated on this territory, and the region ranks the first place in the share of export supplies, providing 2/3 of foreign exchange earnings to the Russian Federation budget. Over the past three years, there has been a huge increase of the innovative goods productions and the innovative services in the Arctic. Basically, this is related to large-scale and national economic projects implemented by resource companies, as well as infrastructure businesses, including plans for the development of the Northern sea route. The relevance of applying technological innovations in the Arctic is related to plans for the development of the territory, including the tasks of building a closed-loop economy. According to the authors, a comprehensive solution to the problems of the Arctic development should be associated with the possibility of using innovative technologies that ensure the competitiveness of the Russian enterprises. Large companies are concentrated in the Arctic. That determines the economy of a particular Arctic region or the Arctic zone as a whole. These are the key players in the oil and gas sector, resource extraction and industrial companies, system-forming businesses, transport and logistics enterprises that actively apply technological innovations in large-scale projects. The use of technological innovations in the Russian Arctic should be associated not only with the activities of large national companies, but also with the formation of clusters of enterprises in the scientific and technical sphere. They are small and medium businesses that can flexibly respond to the needs and challenges of the domestic economy and they are active in innovational sphere. To improve competitiveness business, it is necessary to create demand for technologies and to create priority markets for scientific and technical products in the Arctic. State policy priorities include ensuring environmental safety ofeconomic activities. This requires creating an effective mechanism of favorable, cost-effective conditions for enterprises, which developing clean technologies (cleantech).