The clinical and neurological status and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine were studied in successively examined 100 patients with suspected infectious spondylitis. The study design is a prospective monocentric cohort with a period of recruitment of the material in 2015-2017. Level of evidence - III. The prevalence of intramedullary changes in the form of gliosis/myeloischemia-edema in comparison with other variants of the detected changes was revealed; the presence of a higher degree of spinal sagittal stenosis (SCSs) and spinal cord kifosis (SCK) and also the average number of affected vertebrae in tuberculous spondylitis than in non-specific ones has been proven. In HIVpositive patients, higher values of the degree of maximum sagittal canal stenosis (SCSs) were observed than in HIVnegative ones. The statistical dependence between the severity of neurological disorders estimated by the Frankel scale with the etiology of the process and with specific variants of structural changes in the spinal cord has not been proven. Indicators of tactile and pain sensitivity were significantly higher in patients with intramedullary changes in the form of gliosis / myeloischemia-edema than in myelomalacia.