The article analyzes the formation of new climate policy in Russia in connection with increasing energy efficiency and environmental safety on the basis of technical, technological, organizational, and institutional innovations. Such an integrated approach, creating conditions for synergistic effects, is actively used in developed countries, including EU states, NS follows from the Paris Climate Agreement (2015); however, it is still waiting for consistent application in Russia. The condition for achieving such a synergistic effect is a significant scientific justification for decisions made by regulators and business. For Russia, the regional dimension of this issue is among the most important, due to high regional differentiation of economic development, sectoral structure, and structure of energy balances. In this context, using regression models of panel data, the authors analyze the influence of factors identified as key, on the level of energy intensity of the regional economy. On this basis, the main factors influencing the intensity of environmental pollution are identified, taking into account the amount of energy used to produce GRP. As a result of the research, recommendations are developed for the harmonization of environmental, climate, and energy policies, which should be taken into account when developing the National Low-Carbon Development Strategy for 2050. Particular attention is paid to the completion of the system for recording data on GHG emissions in Russian regions, as well as on clarifying the system of indicators for the effectiveness of energy and climate policy by comparing them with results of the best regions and with international best practices.