Background. An appeal to the origins of a particular direction in psychological science is one of the forms of reflection on its achievements, allowing us to critically comprehend the path taken and determine the prospects for further development. For the psychology of work, which is experiencing a renaissance today in the context of global transformation of the social order and civilisational shifts, this is also an opportunity for self-determination in the interdisciplinary discourse of scientific knowledge. Here the problems of personality, professional activity, corporate culture, professional longevity and psychological wellbeing are woven into the context of a fundamental change in working conditions, attitudes to work and the place of professional activity in the life of a modern person. The history of occupational psychology in the Leningrad-St. Petersburg School of Psychology not only reflects the main stages and trends in the development of this field, but also emphasises the peculiarities of its formation in connection with the tasks of the socio-economic development of our state and the resources of scientific psychological knowledge at each stage. Objective. The article is devoted to the Leningrad Psychological School of Work and Engineering Psychology. It summarises the directions and main results of scientific and practical research conducted within St. Petersburg State Univer sity, which were initiated by such outstanding scientists as A.A. Ukhtomsky, V.M. Bekhterev, V.N. Myasishchev, and B.G. Ananyev. A brief description of the scientific legacy of B.F. Lomov, the creator of the first industrial psychology laboratory and the founder of the first Russian department of ergonomics and engineering psychology. Other leading professors and associate professors are also included (including G.S. Nikiforov, S.A. Manichev, V.A. Ganzen, G.V. Sukhodolsky, N.E. Vodopyanova, N.N. Lepekhin, and others). Methods. The historical genetic method allowed us to trace the continuity and transformation of the key areas of the industry’s development. The comparative historical method was used to compare the development of terminology in Western European, American, and Russian scientific traditions. Contextual analysis was used to interpret scientific discourse in the context of the socio-economic needs of practice. Results. The development of occupational psychology, over a period of more than 100 years, at the Leningrad-Saint Petersburg State University spans 4 scientific periods: 1) the period of the 20s and 30s of the twentieth century, associated with the organisation of a new direction — ergonology – which was the formation of the foundations of the scientific study of labour organisation (V.M. Bekhterev, V.N. Myasishchev). It also covered the development of research into the physiology of work processes (A.A. Ukhtomsky); 2) the period of the 50s to 80s – with the development of large-scale scientific and applied research of complex activity (managing complex technical systems and working in extreme conditions such as space, aviation, and nuclear power (B.F. Lomov, B.G. Ananyev, G.V. Sukhodolsky). Organisationally, this period was marked by the opening of the Industrial Psychology Laboratory in 1959 and the creation of the Department of Ergonomics and Engineering Psychology in 1966; 3) the period of the 90s of the twentieth century and the first two decades of the twenty-first century, with the expansion of research based on two departments. The department of Organisational Psychology (headed by S.A. Manichev) dealt with the development of methods as applied to analyse professional activity, issues in cognitive ergonomics and personnel management. The department of Psychological Support to the Professional Activity (headed by G.S. Nikiforov) investigated the issues of occupational health psychology, and the psychology of management. 4) since 2024 — the establishment of the Department of Work Psychology (E.L. Soldatova) by merging the Departments of Ergonomics and Organisational Psychology and the Department of Psychological Support of Professional Activity. This continues the traditions of the Leningrad Psychological School of Engineering Psychology in three subject areas: “man — subject of labour”, “group/team — in the sphere of labour”, and “sociotechnical systems”. Conclusions. Promising areas of modern research in the field of Russian occupational psychology are identified. These are: maintaining the health of a working person, professional risks in new working conditions, psychological support for the sustainability of an organisation’s activities in a changing business environ ment, inter-level interaction of organisational resources, psychological reliability and employee safety culture in an organisational context, cognitive ergonomics, integration of human resources and information and digital technology resources into industrial and business processes. © Kostromina, S.N., Soldatova, E.L., 2026.