This article is about creation history of nuclear weapon in India and Pakistan, as well as the geopolitical situation in South Asia. India and Pakistan - the nuclear-weapon countries of “second wave”, took active involvement in the arms race. Both countries have scientific and technical potential for the further development of their nuclear arsenal. Taking into account the political situation in the Asian region, border disputes between India and Pakistan, as well as the aggressive policy of the United States, question of nuclear conflict in Asia is still opening. This study focuses on India’s foreign strategy as a major player in the South Asian sector, and Pakistan, the only country in the Islamic world openly tested nuclear weapons. To complete the analysis, the author also involved the history of relations between the nuclear powers of South Asia and China, their differences and points of cooperation.