The article examines a text of the classical Russian literature - A. S. Pushkin's novel “The Captain's Daughter” interpreted repeatedly in the Russian literary criticism. However, the analysis proposes a new aspect of the study - the allusive subtext of the novel, which, in the author's opinion, is focused on building a parallel between the historic events depicted in the narrative and recent (for Pushkin's contemporaries) events that took place on Senate Square. The author shows that Pushkin deliberately included significant details, motives, circumstances in the text of the novel that should have inevitably generated direct allusions to the revolt of the nobility in December 1825 in his contemporaries' minds and stated the writer's thought about the “Russian revolt, senseless and merciless”.