The definition of the social-economic adaptation of inauethnic groups is proved. The results of sociological research of inauethnic group representatives of the Voronezh region are presented. The factors that influence on the adaptation of inauethnic groups are given. The relations between the groups and local authorities are described. The employment of the newcomers arrived at the territory is characterized and the estimation of it is given from N. L. Gumilev's point of view on the category of the complementation of nation. The conclusion of the necessity of controlling the migratory movements and settling the migrators among the dominant nation, is made.