The matter of the article is the reception of Russian classical literature in the analytical philosophy. Main analytical philosophers (L. Wittgenstein, I. Berlin, M. Oakeshott, H. Bloom, R. Rorty, etc.) put the language of literature as the main object for theoretical understanding. They study Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, Pasternak, Nabokov, etc. There are two main analytical theories of the philosophy of literature: 1. H. Bloom’s theory of the fear of influence. It may be successfully applied to the influence and communication in Russian classical poetry; 2. M. Oakeshott’s theory of poetical image. R. Rorty’s criticism of V. Nabokov’s understanding of personality is considered here. Russian writers are looked as individualists in analytical philosophy of literature. The author tries to prove that the language of fiction is the autonomous linguistic structure.