The paper deals with the study of so-called «musical cults» or «musical religions» - the phenomena typical for the contemporary post-secular society in which religious bricolage is widespread - within the framework of the evolutionary psychology of religion and neurosciences. The paper presents the main evolutionary concepts of music; shows the importance of music for the human emotional sphere; for the sense of community and belonging emergence and fostering; as well as for the identity development. Evolutionary theories of religion as such and the significance of music for religion are also put forward, and an explanation why popular music in the modern world can take on a number of functions traditionally attributed to religion is proposed.