The article analyzes the main geoecological problems of the Arctic region, which have a significant impact on reducing the amount of sea ice at high latitudes, which directly affects climate change not only in the Arctic, but also on a global scale. The trends in ice cover reduction are inextricably linked with the rate of climate change, which is proved by the studies carried out in the late XX - early XXI centuries. Description and analysis of the results obtained are presented in this article.