The article deals with some aspects of the history and culture of the Armenian community in the Holy Land. The peculiarity of the traditional life of the Armenians in the Holy City - its clergy and laity - is that today like in the Middle Ages most of them live within the Armenian Quarter, mainly on the territory of the Armenian Patriarchate forming a national community. For its thousand-year history the Armenian quarter despite numerous conflicts and wars could not only survive but also became a recognized center of religious and cultural life of the Armenians of the Middle East. Thanks to the Christian shrines and authority of the Patriarchate the Armenian Quarter of Jerusalem remains not only a center of spiritual attraction for believers and pilgrims but an object of culture and enlightenment as well.