Objective of the study is to provide up-to-date information on the meaning, classification, pathogenesis and diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia as well as to conduct a systematic analysis of data available in the literature on the possibilities of the use of immunohisto-chemical markers in diagnosis of atypical hyperplasia and endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. Materials and methods. The review comprises data obtained from foreign and Russian academic articles found in PubMed on the subject published over the past 20 years. Results. The article describes potential immunohistochemical markers of malignant transformation of endometrial hyperplasia. Conclusion. Further research is required in this field to create prognostically significant diagnostic panel of immunohistochemical markers for the verification of morphologically challenging diagnosis of atypical endometrial hyperplasia and to determine the risk of malignization of endometrial hyperplasia.