This paper proposes an improved approach to the integral assessment of sustainable development in Russian regions, incorporating economic, social, environmental, and scientific-technological indicator groups while accounting for their dynamics. The model was tested using data from 85 Russian regions for the period from 2018 to 2022, revealing pronounced interregional differences and identifying key areas of imbalance. The greatest disparities were observed in the scientific-technological dimension. The proposed analytical framework and the results of its application can be used to improve public policy in the field of sustainable development and to enhance the effectiveness of its implementation, taking into account regional specificities.