The formation of the Baltic region in the framework of international relations has become possible as a result of complex geopolitical transformations of the 90-ies of XX century, when the cold war ended, the Soviet Union collapsed and began the process of regional convergence of States as pre-existing and newly emerging (the Baltic republics). The state of the Baltic sea region have formed a multilateral formats of regional cooperation, which greatly accelerated the process of regionalization. The Baltic region has become an important part of the global integration due to its unique role the innovation center for the development of the knowledge economy. The processes of localization are reflected in the cross-border cooperation projects and programs for sustainable development of the area of the Baltic sea.