The article deals with some aspects of the scientific heritage of Andrey Ya. Borisov (1903-1942). In the short time that was allotted to him, Andrey Borisov managed to write around 40 academic works. His scientific activity was mainly dedicated to researching Medieval philosophical traditions of the Middle East. He was the scientist to whom goes the main credit for opening and initial research phase of the unique Arab-Jewish fund of the Firkovich collection in the Public Library of Leningrad (The National Library of Russia). Andrey Borisov’s sphere of main scientific interests embraces aspects of studying the Mu’tazila intellectual school as well as researches dedicated to the history of Neoplatonism and peripatetic tradition on the medieval East. Special attention is paid to the formation of the Russian scientific tradition researching the Medieval Islamic philosophy from the historical point of view. The article emphasizes the role of Andrey Borisov whose works left an imprint on the formation of this scientific tradition and influenced the further study of the history of Arab philosophy in Russia.