The article is an analytical overview of the series of bilingual dictionaries, created by prof. H. Walter and prof. V. M. Mokienko and their lexicographical groups in St. Petersburg state (Russia) and Greifswald (Germany) universities. Many of them were a continuation of the work on the monolingual dictionaries of the Russian and German languages — for example, a large dictionary of jargon, phraseology, proverbs, stable comparisons, nicknames, winged words and other. The authors have sought to reflect in their dictionaries the current state of vocabulary and phraseology of Russian and German. languages, to show the dynamics of their development and cultural background. If possible, in bilingual dictionaries is an attempt to show the European cultural heritage, reflected in the two languages, and at the same time emphasize the national identity of each of them.