The article deals with the analysis of the internationalist approaches in the Cuban revolutionary parties’ activity and in Cuba’s foreign policy, as also with the close interaction between some traditions of Liberation war and the proletarian internationalism of the first Marxist-Leninist party of Cuba. Originally, these links were implemented by the support to Latin American guerrilla warfare, however, this policy proved to be inefficient. Later on, Cuba concentrated its efforts on support to African liberation movements, and this policy helped to improve international image of Liberty Island.