Insurance is a factor in strengthening business and citizens' well-being. But in conditions of individual freedom, there are obstacles to the use of traditional patterns associated with religious considerations. Muslims should use insurance protection organized according to the canons of Sharia. The high proportion of the Muslim population in Russia necessitates, at a minimum, a study of the foundations of Islamic insurance and the identification of tasks, the solution of which will enable us to follow the path of organizing Takaful companies. The article deals with the organization of insurance business according to the canons of Sharia. A comparison was made of the basis for the functioning of an insurance company in a traditional economy and a Takaful company. Refined theoretical aspects of Islamic insurance. The questions of the organization of Islamic «insurance windows» are investigated. On the basis of the study, the risks of violation of the canons of Shari'ah arising in the business processes of the