This article identifies key features of the energy policy of the Russian Federation in Latin America. The mutual key energy interests of Russia and the countries of the region are examined, and the high potential of cooperation is emphasized. Particular attention is paid to the classification of energy diplomacy on the basis of: the degree of economic or political basis of cooperation; emphasis on bilateral or multilateral cooperation; the main industry of interaction (oil, gas, nuclear or alternative energy sources) and their advantages and disadvantages, as well as prospects for further interaction in the energy sector.