The article is an attempt to revise and update the theory of social problems in the context of social transformations at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. The current situation in sociology can be characterized as a crisis of the theory of social problems. Despite the successes achieved in the study of separate topics, a significant part of the empirical research either relies on concepts developed in the 20th century or does not use any clear conceptual apparatus at all. However, social reality is changing dramatically: today, along with institutions and interactions, network and flow structures are becoming more widespread, and a hybrid, augmented reality is being formed. As a result, the concepts created to explain the processes that took place in the 19th and 20th centuries are becoming insensitive to the current situation. The purpose of the article is to outline the prospects for its further transformation in the context of the expansion of new types of sociality based on the analysis of the existing configuration of knowledge. As a result, the main types of theorizing that have developed in sociology in relation to the study of social problems were identified and described, and the limitations of existing concepts in explaining current social processes were shown. The following criteria were used for the distinction: 1) understanding of the social order and the underlying type of sociality and 2) a view of the role of a sociologist in social change. The first two types are traditional and rely on objectivist interpretations of social reality, represented by the concept of social disorganization and structural functionalism, and on social constructionism. Accordingly, in these cases, social problems are interpreted in terms of institutions and interactions. The third type of theorizing is poorly represented today in the academic field, but we believe that it is promising in understanding the current situation. It is based on ideas about the complexity of modern reality and the increasingly noticeable role of network and flow structures in it. In addition, based on the developed third approach, it is possible to move to the fourth, integrative one, which allows for an adequate interpretation of the gaps in sociality, including the fundamental gap between the exhausted and augmented modernities. If contemporary sociology of social problems claims to adequately explain current processes and strives to offer non-trivial and working solutions, it must include the latest concepts about sociality in its theoretical arsenal and begin moving from a representational to a performative model of knowledge. Accordingly, established scientific ideas about the role of a sociologist in studying and solving social problems need to be revised.