The article presents the author’s view on a complex and multifaceted problem of gastrointestinal stromal tumors through close multidisciplinary interaction of specialists in different fields. Analysis of clinical cases has demonstrated the great importance of modern endoscopic techniques such as endosonography and capsule endoscopy for the implementation of accurate preoperative diagnosis; but it has also shown the role of close collaboration between surgeons and medical oncologists for appropriate assessment of the need to assign a specific targeted therapy. Therefore in this issue we have provided the main elements to which doctors must pay attention when confronted with this pathology. Refs 10. Figs 3.