Peptidergic structures of the hypothalamus arrange a basis of its unique ability to regulate the organism's functions in time, adjusting metabolism, energy exchange and motor activity as sources of its own energy- to the dynamics of energy intake from external sources, primarily light. Axons of the retinohypothalamic tract create synapses on the peptidergic neurons of suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). For such function of SCN as a «master clock» of circadian rhythms, it is necessary to regulate both intracellular oscillators and the network structure of the nucleus. The review focuses on the analysis of the role of neuropeptides in regulating the activity and interaction of oscillators of the cell membrane, mitochondria, cytosol and nucleus in SCN neurons. There is discussed the possibility of the participation of neuropeptides in the implementation of other functions as the regulation of local circulation and metabolism in the SCN.