The study examines a separate subsystem of international relations in the Transcaucasian region. Special attention is paid to the economic and political relations of the states. The article focuses on the analysis of the Nagorno-Karabakh problem. The main contradictions between the parties to the conflict are identified, their specific actions and behavior are considered. The article analyzes the connection of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict with other conflicts and contradictions not only of the Transcaucasian subsystem, but also of the system as a whole. A chain of contradictions and interrelated conflicts is revealed. A parallel is drawn with historical events in the history of international relations, not only of this subsystem, but also of the system as a whole. The article examines the relationship of the states of the Transcaucasus region with the states of other regions, their political and economic relations, as well as their behavior in the international arena.