Existentialism as a special worldview and as a scientific tradition in philosophy and other human sciences had a great influence on literature and art. The existential tradition in literature, cinema, and visual arts usually includes works that concern existential themes - the tragedy of human existence, the problems of the sense of life, loneliness and death. However, existentialism is, first of all, a special attitude to the world, a special way of dealing with the world of life. Existential worldview is a worldview that response the realities of our time with its complexity, uncertainty and dynamism. Peter Bruegel can be considered as the outstanding artist of the existential worldview. This statement is based on the fact that the principles of describing the world on which he relies in his creativity are similar to those used by existential psychology. The text attempts to explicate the existential principles of understanding of the world used by Peter Bruegel in his painting. The author describes such features of Bruegel's works, as the polyphony of the world with the ever-present diversity of life in his canvases; internal dynamism of reality, exposed by the contradictions and tensions of the pictorial series; the scale of the living space due to its volume and the cosmic view used by the artist. Due to these features the ordinary daily life of people acquires an existential sound. This makes Peter Bruegel our contemporary and that’s why the interest to his works increases.