The article reveals the peculiarities of familiarity with Russell’s philosophical heritage, beginning with the ambiguous politicized publications of the 1940s and ending with the weighted assessments of the elder of modern English idealistic philosophy and its influence on world philosophy. In the future, in connection with the translations of important monographs of the English philosopher, the assessment of his work changes, a departure from the wrong attitude of the thinker to neopositivists. changes also. Together with the criticism of neopositivism in monographies and reviews of Russell’s works, its achievements in the logic and mathematic, sensual-experienced knowledge, as well as original interpretation of base concepts of world philosophy by it, the basic issues of philosophy and a science, morality and religion are represented. The neo-realist and subjective-idealistic basis of his philosophy are considered through the analysis of monographies by Soviet and Russian researchers.