Introduction. The safety of anesthetic management in endovascular surgery for cancer and prostate adenoma is an important factor for the successful surgery and postoperative period. The purpose of this study is the comparative study of perioperative hemodynamicchanges and the probability of developing postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the surgical treatment of prostate cancer and BPH using laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and laparoscopic adenomectomy, respectively, under conditions of general endotracheal and epidural anesthesia. The research method was the analysis of perioperative changes in central hemodynamics and the results of neuropsychological testing during the prostate cancer and BPH treatment using laparoscopic surgery in 166 patients of the St. Petersburg State Budgetary Healthcare Institution Clinical Hospital of St. Luke. Results. A key negative consequence of general endotracheal anesthesia and carboxyperitoneum in laparoscopic interventions is stroke volume decrease, that leads to myoc