The monograph studies the reasons for the transformation of Russia from one of the leaders of economic and social progress into one of the ordinary participants of the modern world community. In the first part of the paper we reveal weak points in the country's socio-economic development considering domestic and foreign statistics and international ratings. Naturally, we needed an analysis of the internal, external, objective and subjective causes and factors that had led Russian economy to systemic crisis. Since most negative factors affecting the economic processes have international nature, the monograph considers the world experience in dealing with crises and the experience in creating drivers of economic and social development. In the final chapter of the study the authors give their view on the transformations of the system of social relations necessary for overcoming systemic crisis.