Review of the literature explores the problem of the influence of helminthic immunomodulating components on autoimmunity. The prevalence of autoimmunopaties and the large number of adverse effects from common immunosuppressing therapy promotes looking for a new approach to their treatment. Hence, helminthes and their excretory-secretory components are in the scope of attention because of their ability to modulate immune response by switching it on Th2-type, by reduction or even prevention of inflammation through increase in Treg proliferation or inhibition of Th17 differentiation, as well as via dendritic cells. These relations between host and parasites resulted from their co-evolutionary strategy. Both animal experiments and clinical experimental therapy of volunteers confirmed significant effect of such treatment in autoimmune disorders. Since the invasion by helminthes renders many side effects, currently a new direction is developing, harnessing their isolated excretory-secretory products. The effects of such peptide, lipid and carbohydrate products are analyzed in the article (1 figure, bibliography: 105 refs).