Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the main causes of global morbidity and mortality with a tendency to increase and significant economic damage in all developed countries. An irreversible disturbance of the conductivity of the respiratory tract often detected in the later stages, however, can be prevented and cured if competent and complete management of the disease is carried out. Over the past decade, the term “COPD phenotype,” reflecting various clinical types of patients with the same disease, has become widespread in foreign literature. The review examines the most frequently identified phenotypes of COPD, which have prognostic information and allow to determine the appropriate therapy aimed at changing the clinically significant result.