The article analyzes legislative changes in the composition of extremist and terrorist crimes. The author points to the value of the experience of improving criminal legislation in terms of means of countering terrorism and extremism. Meanwhile, there is a discrepancy in the provisions of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the loss of uniform approaches in the criminal-legal assessment of the most dangerous criminal acts. In this regard, the conclusion is made about the need to develop a criminal-legal institution of responsibility for organized criminal activity.