The origin of money and its functions, as well as the concept of finance and its correlation with the concepts of money, financial assets, financial resources, financial market instruments, financial transactions, and objects of civil law rights and financial obligations were studied. The aim of this research was to explore the basic features of legal regulation of finance as a type of financial assets. The relationship between major concepts of the financial market and their use in the current legal system of the Russian Federation was considered. In the course of the research, finance was defined as a variety of financial assets and their legal regulation. The theoretical relevance of the study is to develop a conceptual framework for further analysis of the problems of legal regulation of finance. The obtained results can be used for improving the current laws and their enforcement, further scientific research, and educational process.