The article dealswith the role and character of the cult of Athena and Athena Nikephora in Pergamon of the Hellenistic period. The cult of Athena was popular at the time of Attalids, especially from the reign of Attalus I and his son Eumenes II. At least in the end of the 3rd century B.C., Athena acquired the name of Nikephorus - “Bringing victory”, the kings dedicated their victories to the goddess. Under Eumenes II, apparently, in 182 B.C. the festival of Nicephoriae was founded. The King sought to impart a broad international character to the festival. The spread of the cult of Athena Nikephoras, the foundation of the festivals of Nicephoriae and the activity of Eumenes II in the propagation of festivals in her honor should be seen as an expression of the claims of the Attalids to the role of the Panhellenic leaders, benefactors and advocates of the Greek cities of Asia Minor as an important part of the dynasty's ideological policy