The development of the digital and data economy has actualised a new cross-section of research into the development and improvement of business models of companies. The research is devoted to the systematisation of approaches to the analysis of business models of Russian high-tech companies and identification of their main types. The study formulated the criteria for classifying companies as high-tech, the features of innovative business models, and the trends of the digital economy that directly affect business models. The theory of characteristic features of business models was used as a methodological basis, which allowed us to collect and capture key attributes, refine them using factor analysis, and cluster companies based on the similarity of these characteristics. The study covered 75 companies from different sectors of the economy. As a result, a number of business models characteristic of Russian high-tech business were identified. For each model, the specifics of their functioning were examined, and the key factors influencing their development were identified, including the availability of venture capital funding, the level of digitalisation of customers and regulatory support from the government. Business models are formed at the intersection of advanced technologies, corporate and government demand, and specific economic conditions. The originality of the work lies in the development of a typology that clarifies the conceptual framework of hightech business, which is confirmed by expert validation. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the systematisation and typology of business models of Russian high-tech companies, taking into account the impact of technological trends and the digital economy, which made it possible to identify the key attributes and factors that should be considered for the development, modernisation and design of new business models. The results are applicable for managerial decisions to support innovation and adaptation strategies in the context of digital transformation and the data economy. The prospects of the research are related to analysing the dynamics of models under the influence of global trends, changes in economic policy, as well as the development of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, robotics and sensorics, wireless communication and a number of others.