This work explores the ethnic identity of the Sami, as well as the external influence on it by other, larger ethnic groups. Within the framework of the thesis, the Sami culture was analyzed at the present stage in order to identify any change through the influence of neighboring cultures. Sources describing the life and culture of the Sami and their interaction with geographically close ethnic groups were considered in detail. Legal institutes for the protection of the Sami cultural organization and their identity were also identified.